iVF Rīga Clinic offers modern treatment of male infertility in severe cases using state-of-the-art technologies. TESA/PESA and TESE procedures are designed for male infertility treatment and retrieval of sperm in a specific way for artificial insemination. These procedures are usually done on the same day as the woman’s puncture (egg retrieval). The procedure requires presence of sperm in testicular tissues. The more motile sperm can be retrieved, the better the chances of successful fertilisation are.
If a man has been diagnosed with obstructive azoospermia (reproductive tract is blocked or has not developed), we can offer a TESA or PESA procedure.
TESA/PESA is aspiration using a needle. TESA (Testicular Sperm Aspiration) – retrieval of the sperm from testes using a needle. PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration) – retrieval of the sperm from epididymis using a needle. TESA/PESA is a very simple and short procedure under local or general anaesthesia to collect patient’s sperm to enable him becoming a father using his own biological material.
If a man has been diagnosed with non-obstructive azoospermia, i.e. very few sperm are produced and they cannot make it out of the testicles, a slightly more complication procedure is necessary. TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction) – surgical sperm retrieval from testes or an open biopsy. TESE involves testicle biopsy where a small incision is made in the testes to retrieve the sperm, which allows collecting sufficient amount of biological material for a specialist to examine under a microscope to determine viability and quality of the sperm. The procedure takes 45 to 90 minutes and can be done under local, general or spinal anaesthesia. In such circumstances, sperm are found in about 50% of the cases and can be used for fertilisation of partner’s eggs.
After the surgery, the incisions are closed and the patient can go home on the same day. Testicular discomfort may persist for 1 to 4 days after the biopsy. If doctor’s recommendations are followed, the risk of complications is minimal. Next day after the surgery, the patient comes to a scheduled check, which includes changing of dressing. In post-operative period, the patient should avoid physical activity and intercourse for 7 days.
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